__typeinfo.h

Go to the documentation of this file.

 
/*
 * Copyright (C) 2015 Kernkonzept GmbH.
 * Author(s): Alexander Warg <alexander.warg@kernkonzept.com>
 */
/*
 * (c) 2010 Alexander Warg <warg@os.inf.tu-dresden.de>
 *     economic rights: Technische Universität Dresden (Germany)
 *
 * This file is part of TUD:OS and distributed under the terms of the
 * GNU General Public License 2.
 * Please see the COPYING-GPL-2 file for details.
 *
 * As a special exception, you may use this file as part of a free software
 * library without restriction.  Specifically, if other files instantiate
 * templates or use macros or inline functions from this file, or you compile
 * this file and link it with other files to produce an executable, this
 * file does not by itself cause the resulting executable to be covered by
 * the GNU General Public License.  This exception does not however
 * invalidate any other reasons why the executable file might be covered by
 * the GNU General Public License.
 */
#pragma once
#pragma GCC system_header
 
#include "cxx/types"
#include "cxx/ipc_basics"
#include "cxx/capability.h"
 
#if defined(__GXX_RTTI) && !defined(L4_NO_RTTI)
#  include <typeinfo>
   typedef std::type_info const *L4_std_type_info_ptr;
#  define L4_KOBJECT_META_RTTI(type) (&typeid(type))
   inline char const *L4_kobject_type_name(L4_std_type_info_ptr n) noexcept
   { return n ? n->name() : 0; }
#else
   typedef void const *L4_std_type_info_ptr;
#  define L4_KOBJECT_META_RTTI(type) (0)
   inline char const *L4_kobject_type_name(L4_std_type_info_ptr) noexcept
   { return 0; }
#endif
 
namespace L4 {
  typedef int Opcode;
// internal max helpers
namespace __I {
  // internal max of A nd B helper
  template< unsigned char A, unsigned char B>
  struct Max { enum { Res = A > B ? A : B }; };
} // namespace __I
 
enum
{
  PROTO_ANY   = 0,
  PROTO_EMPTY = -19,
};
 
namespace Typeid {
    using namespace L4::Types;
 
  /*********************/
  template<long P, typename T>
  struct Iface
  {
    typedef Iface type;
    typedef T iface_type;
    enum { Proto = P };
  };
 
 
  /*********************/
  struct Iface_list_end
  {
    typedef Iface_list_end type;
    static bool contains(long) noexcept { return false; }
  };
 
 
  template<typename I, typename N = Iface_list_end>
  struct Iface_list
  {
    typedef Iface_list<I, N> type;
 
    typedef typename I::iface_type iface_type;
    typedef N Next;
 
    enum { Proto = I::Proto };
 
    static bool contains(long proto) noexcept
    { return (proto == Proto) || Next::contains(proto); }
  };
 
  // do not insert PROTO_EMPTY interfaces
  template<typename I, typename N>
  struct Iface_list<Iface<PROTO_EMPTY, I>, N> : N {};
 
  // do not insert 'void' type interfaces
  template<long P, typename N>
  struct Iface_list<Iface<P, void>, N> : N {};
 
 
  /*********************/
  /*
   * \internal
   * Test if an interface I is in list L
   * \tparam I  Interface for lookup
   * \tparam L  Iface_list for search
   */
  template< typename I, typename L >
  struct _In_list;
 
  template< typename I >
  struct _In_list<I, Iface_list_end> : False {};
 
  template< typename I, typename N >
  struct _In_list<I, Iface_list<I, N> > : True {};
 
  template< typename I, typename I2, typename N >
  struct _In_list<I, Iface_list<I2, N> > : _In_list<I, typename N::type> {};
 
  template<typename I, typename L>
  struct In_list : _In_list<typename I::type, typename L::type> {};
 
 
  /************/
  /*
   * \internal
   * Add Helper: add I to interface list L if ADD is true
   * \ingroup l4_cxx_ipc_internal
   */
  template< bool ADD, typename I, typename L>
  struct _Iface_list_add;
 
  template< typename I, typename L>
  struct _Iface_list_add<false, I, L> : L {};
 
  template< typename I, typename L>
  struct _Iface_list_add<true, I, L> : Iface_list<I, L> {};
 
  /*
   * \internal
   * Add Helper: add I to interface list L if not already in L.
   * \ingroup l4_cxx_ipc_internal
   */
  template< typename I, typename L >
  struct Iface_list_add :
    _Iface_list_add<
      !In_list<I, typename L::type>::value, I, typename L::type>
  {};
 
  /************/
  /*
   * \internal
   * Helper: checking for a conflict between I2 and I2.
   * A conflict means I1 and I2 have the same protocol ID but a different
   * iface_type.
   */
  template< typename I1, typename I2 >
  struct __Iface_conflict : Bool<I1::Proto != PROTO_EMPTY && I1::Proto == I2::Proto> {};
 
  template< typename I >
  struct __Iface_conflict<I, I> : False {};
 
  /*
   * \internal
   * Helper: checking for a conflict between I and any interface in LIST.
   */
  template< typename I, typename LIST >
  struct _Iface_conflict;
 
  template< typename I >
  struct _Iface_conflict<I, Iface_list_end> : False {};
 
  template< typename I, typename I2, typename LIST >
  struct _Iface_conflict<I, Iface_list<I2, LIST> > :
    Bool<__Iface_conflict<I, I2>::value || _Iface_conflict<I, typename LIST::type>::value>
  {};
 
  template< typename I, typename LIST >
  struct Iface_conflict : _Iface_conflict<typename I::type, typename LIST::type> {};
 
  /**************/
  /*
   * \internal
   * Helper: merge two interface lists
   */
  template< typename L1, typename L2 >
  struct _Merge_list;
 
  template< typename L >
  struct _Merge_list<Iface_list_end, L> : L {};
 
  template< typename I, typename L1, typename L2 >
  struct _Merge_list<Iface_list<I, L1>, L2> :
    _Merge_list<typename L1::type, typename Iface_list_add<I, L2>::type> {};
 
  template<typename L1, typename L2>
  struct Merge_list : _Merge_list<typename L1::type, typename L2::type> {};
 
  /**************/
  /*
   * \internal
   * check for conflicts among all interfaces in L1 with any interfaces in L2.
   */
  template< typename L1, typename L2 >
  struct _Conflict;
 
  template< typename L >
  struct _Conflict<Iface_list_end, L> : False {};
 
  template< typename I, typename L1, typename L2 >
  struct _Conflict<Iface_list<I, L1>, L2> :
    Bool<Iface_conflict<I, typename L2::type>::value
           || _Conflict<typename L1::type, typename L2::type>::value> {};
 
  template< typename L1, typename L2 >
  struct Conflict : _Conflict<typename L1::type, typename L2::type> {};
 
  // to be removed ---------------------------------------
  // p_dispatch code -- for legacy dispatch ------------------------------
  /**********************/
  /*
   * \internal
   * helper: Dispatch helper for calling server-side p_dispatch() functions.
   */
  template<typename LIST>
  struct _P_dispatch;
 
  // No matching dispatcher found
  template<>
  struct _P_dispatch<Iface_list_end>
  {
    template< typename THIS, typename A1, typename A2 >
    static int f(THIS *, long, A1, A2 &) noexcept
    { return -L4_EBADPROTO; }
  };
 
 
  // call matching p_dispatch() function
  template< typename I, typename LIST >
  struct _P_dispatch<Iface_list<I, LIST> >
  {
    // special handling for the meta protocol, to avoid 'using' murx
    template< typename THIS, typename A1, typename A2 >
    static int _f(THIS self, A1, A2 &a2, True::type)
    {
      return self->dispatch_meta_request(a2);
    }
 
    // normal p_dispatch() dispatching
    template< typename THIS, typename A1, typename A2 >
    static int _f(THIS self, A1 a1, A2 &a2, False::type)
    {
      return self->p_dispatch(reinterpret_cast<typename I::iface_type *>(0),
                              a1, a2);
    }
 
    // dispatch function with switch for meta protocol
    template< typename THIS, typename A1, typename A2 >
    static int f(THIS *self, long proto, A1 a1, A2 &a2)
    {
      if (I::Proto == proto)
        return _f(self, a1, a2, Bool<I::Proto == (long)L4_PROTO_META>());
 
      return _P_dispatch<typename LIST::type>::f(self, proto, a1, a2);
    }
  };
 
  template<typename LIST>
  struct P_dispatch : _P_dispatch<typename LIST::type> {};
  // end: p_dispatch -------------------------------------------------------
  // end: to be removed ---------------------------------------
 
  template<typename RPC> struct Default_op;
 
  namespace Detail {
 
  struct Rpcs_end
  {
    typedef void opcode_type;
    typedef Rpcs_end rpc;
    typedef Rpcs_end type;
  };
 
  template<typename O1, typename O2, typename RPCS>
  struct _Rpc : _Rpc<typename RPCS::next::rpc, O2, typename RPCS::next>::type {};
 
  template<typename O1, typename O2>
  struct _Rpc<O1, O2, Rpcs_end> {};
 
  template<typename OP, typename RPCS>
  struct _Rpc<OP, OP, RPCS> : RPCS
  {
    typedef _Rpc type;
  };
 
  template<typename OP, typename RPCS>
  struct Rpc : _Rpc<typename RPCS::rpc, OP, RPCS> {};
 
  template<typename T, unsigned CODE>
  struct _Get_opcode
  {
    template<bool, typename> struct Invalid_opcode {};
    template<typename X> struct Invalid_opcode<true, X>;
 
  private:
    template<typename U, U> struct _chk;
    template<typename U> static long _opc(_chk<int, U::Opcode> *);
    template<typename U> static char _opc(...);
 
    template<unsigned SZ, typename U>
    struct _Opc { enum { value = CODE }; };
 
    template<typename U>
    struct _Opc<sizeof(long), U> { enum { value = U::Opcode }; };
 
  public:
    enum { value = _Opc<sizeof(_opc<T>(0)), T>::value };
    Invalid_opcode<(value < CODE), T> invalid_opcode;
  };
 
  template<typename OPCODE, unsigned O, typename ...X>
  struct _Rpcs : Rpcs_end {};
 
  template<typename OPCODE, unsigned O, typename R, typename ...X>
  struct _Rpcs<OPCODE, O, R, X...>
  {
    typedef _Rpcs type;
    typedef OPCODE opcode_type;
    typedef R rpc;
    typedef typename _Rpcs<OPCODE, _Get_opcode<R, O>::value + 1, X...>::type next;
    enum { Opcode = _Get_opcode<R, O>::value };
    template<typename Y> struct Rpc : Typeid::Detail::Rpc<Y, _Rpcs> {};
  };
 
  template<typename OPCODE, unsigned O, typename R>
  struct _Rpcs<OPCODE, O, Default_op<R> >
  {
    typedef _Rpcs type;
    typedef void opcode_type;
    typedef R rpc;
    typedef Rpcs_end next;
    enum { Opcode = -99 };
    template<typename Y> struct Rpc : Typeid::Detail::Rpc<Y, _Rpcs> {};
  };
 
  } // namespace Detail
 
  template<typename CLASS>
  struct Raw_ipc
  {
    typedef Raw_ipc type;
    typedef Detail::Rpcs_end next;
    typedef void opcode_type;
  };
 
  template<typename ...RPCS>
  struct Rpcs : Detail::_Rpcs<L4::Opcode, 0, RPCS...> {};
 
  template<typename OPCODE_TYPE>
  struct Rpcs_code
  {
    template<typename ...RPCS>
    struct F : Detail::_Rpcs<OPCODE_TYPE, 0, RPCS...> {};
  };
 
  template<typename OPERATION>
  struct Rpc_nocode : Detail::_Rpcs<void, 0, OPERATION> {};
 
  template<typename ...ARG>
  struct Rpcs_sys : Detail::_Rpcs<l4_umword_t, 0, ARG...> {};
 
  template<typename CLASS>
  struct Rights
  {
    unsigned rights;
    Rights(unsigned rights) noexcept : rights(rights) {}
    unsigned operator & (unsigned rhs) const noexcept { return rights & rhs; }
  };
 
} // namespace Typeid
 
struct L4_EXPORT Type_info
{
  class L4_EXPORT Demand
  {
  private:
    static unsigned char max(unsigned char a, unsigned char b) noexcept
    { return a > b ? a : b; }
 
  public:
    unsigned char caps;  
    unsigned char flags; 
    unsigned char mem;   
    unsigned char ports; 
 
    explicit
    Demand(unsigned char caps = 0, unsigned char flags = 0,
           unsigned char mem = 0,  unsigned char ports = 0) noexcept
    : caps(caps), flags(flags), mem(mem), ports(ports) {}
 
    bool no_demand() const noexcept
    { return caps == 0 && mem == 0 && ports == 0 && flags == 0; }
 
    Demand operator | (Demand const &rhs) const noexcept
    {
      return Demand(max(caps, rhs.caps), flags | rhs.flags,
                    max(mem, rhs.mem), max(ports, rhs.ports));
    }
  };
 
  template<unsigned char CAPS = 0, unsigned char FLAGS = 0,
           unsigned char MEM  = 0, unsigned char PORTS = 0>
  struct Demand_t : Demand
  {
    enum
    {
      Caps  = CAPS,  
      Flags = FLAGS, 
      Mem   = MEM,   
      Ports = PORTS  
    };
    Demand_t() noexcept : Demand(CAPS, FLAGS, MEM, PORTS) {}
  };
 
  template<typename D1, typename D2>
  struct Demand_union_t : Demand_t<__I::Max<D1::Caps,  D2::Caps>::Res,
                                   D1::Flags | D2::Flags,
                                   __I::Max<D1::Mem,   D2::Mem>::Res,
                                   __I::Max<D1::Ports, D2::Ports>::Res>
  {};
 
  L4_std_type_info_ptr _type;
  Type_info const *const *_bases;
  unsigned _num_bases;
  long _proto;
 
  L4_std_type_info_ptr type() const noexcept { return _type; }
  Type_info const *base(unsigned idx) const noexcept { return _bases[idx]; }
  unsigned num_bases() const noexcept { return _num_bases; }
  long proto() const noexcept { return _proto; }
  char const *name() const noexcept { return L4_kobject_type_name(type()); }
  bool has_proto(long proto) const noexcept
  {
    if (_proto && _proto == proto)
      return true;
 
    if (!proto)
      return false;
 
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < _num_bases; ++i)
      if (base(i)->has_proto(proto))
        return true;
 
    return false;
  }
};
 
template<typename T> struct Kobject_typeid
{
  typedef typename T::__Kobject_typeid::Demand Demand;
  typedef typename T::__Iface::iface_type Iface;
  typedef typename T::__Iface_list Iface_list;
 
  static Type_info const *id() noexcept { return &T::__Kobject_typeid::_m; }
 
  static Type_info::Demand demand() noexcept
  { return T::__Kobject_typeid::Demand(); }
 
  // to be removed ---------------------------------------
  // p_dispatch -----------------------------------------------------------
  template<typename THIS, typename A1, typename A2>
  static int proto_dispatch(THIS *self, long proto, A1 a1, A2 &a2)
  { return Typeid::P_dispatch<typename T::__Iface_list>::f(self, proto, a1, a2);  }
  // p_dispatch -----------------------------------------------------------
  // end: to be removed ---------------------------------------
};
 
template<> struct Kobject_typeid<void>
{
  typedef Type_info::Demand_t<> Demand;
};
 
template<typename T>
inline
Type_info const *kobject_typeid() noexcept
{ return Kobject_typeid<T>::id(); }
 
#define L4____GEN_TI(t...)                                               \
Type_info const t::__Kobject_typeid::_m =                                \
{                                                                        \
  L4_KOBJECT_META_RTTI(Derived),                                         \
  &t::__Kobject_typeid::_b[0],                                           \
  sizeof(t::__Kobject_typeid::_b) / sizeof(t::__Kobject_typeid::_b[0]),  \
  PROTO                                                                  \
}
 
#define L4____GEN_TI_MEMBERS(BASE_DEMAND...)                             \
private:                                                                 \
  template< typename T > friend struct Kobject_typeid;                   \
protected:                                                               \
  struct __Kobject_typeid {                                              \
    typedef Type_info::Demand_union_t<S_DEMAND, BASE_DEMAND> Demand;     \
    static Type_info const *const _b[];                                  \
    static Type_info const _m;                                           \
  };                                                                     \
public:                                                                  \
  static long const Protocol = PROTO;                                    \
  typedef L4::Typeid::Rights<Class> Rights;
 
template<
  typename Derived,
  typename Base,
  long PROTO = PROTO_ANY,
  typename S_DEMAND = Type_info::Demand_t<>
>
class Kobject_t : public Base
{
protected:
  typedef Derived Class;
  typedef Typeid::Iface<PROTO, Derived> __Iface;
  typedef Typeid::Merge_list<
    Typeid::Iface_list<__Iface>, typename Base::__Iface_list
  > __Iface_list;
 
  static void __check_protocols__() noexcept
  {
    typedef Typeid::Iface_conflict<__Iface, typename Base::__Iface_list> Base_conflict;
    static_assert(!Base_conflict::value, "ambiguous protocol ID: protocol also used by Base");
  }
 
  L4::Cap<Class> c() const noexcept { return L4::Cap<Class>(this->cap()); }
 
  // Generate the remaining type information
  L4____GEN_TI_MEMBERS(typename Base::__Kobject_typeid::Demand)
};
 
 
template< typename Derived, typename Base, long PROTO, typename S_DEMAND>
Type_info const *const
Kobject_t<Derived, Base, PROTO, S_DEMAND>::
  __Kobject_typeid::_b[] = { &Base::__Kobject_typeid::_m };
 
template< typename Derived, typename Base, long PROTO, typename S_DEMAND>
L4____GEN_TI(Kobject_t<Derived, Base, PROTO, S_DEMAND>);
 
 
template<
  typename Derived,
  typename Base1,
  typename Base2,
  long PROTO = PROTO_ANY,
  typename S_DEMAND = Type_info::Demand_t<>
>
class Kobject_2t : public Base1, public Base2
{
protected:
  typedef Derived Class;
  typedef Typeid::Iface<PROTO, Derived> __Iface;
  typedef Typeid::Merge_list<
    Typeid::Iface_list<__Iface>,
    Typeid::Merge_list<
      typename Base1::__Iface_list,
      typename Base2::__Iface_list
    >
  > __Iface_list;
 
  static void __check_protocols__() noexcept
  {
    typedef typename Base1::__Iface_list Base1_proto_list;
    typedef typename Base2::__Iface_list Base2_proto_list;
 
    typedef Typeid::Iface_conflict<__Iface, Base1_proto_list> Base1_conflict;
    typedef Typeid::Iface_conflict<__Iface, Base2_proto_list> Base2_conflict;
    static_assert(!Base1_conflict::value, "ambiguous protocol ID, also in Base1");
    static_assert(!Base2_conflict::value, "ambiguous protocol ID, also in Base2");
 
    typedef Typeid::Conflict<Base1_proto_list, Base2_proto_list> Bases_conflict;
    static_assert(!Bases_conflict::value, "ambiguous protocol IDs in base classes");
  }
 
  // disambiguate cap()
  l4_cap_idx_t cap() const noexcept
  { return Base1::cap(); }
 
  L4::Cap<Class> c() const noexcept { return L4::Cap<Class>(this->cap()); }
 
  L4____GEN_TI_MEMBERS(Type_info::Demand_union_t<
    typename Base1::__Kobject_typeid::Demand,
    typename Base2::__Kobject_typeid::Demand>
  )
 
public:
  // Provide non-ambiguous conversion to Kobject
  operator Kobject const & () const noexcept
  { return *static_cast<Base1 const *>(this); }
 
  // Provide non-ambiguous access of dec_refcnt()
  l4_msgtag_t dec_refcnt(l4_mword_t diff, l4_utcb_t *utcb = l4_utcb())
    noexcept(noexcept(((Base1*)0)->dec_refcnt(diff, utcb)))
  { return Base1::dec_refcnt(diff, utcb); }
};
 
 
template< typename Derived, typename Base1, typename Base2,
          long PROTO, typename S_DEMAND >
Type_info const *const
Kobject_2t<Derived, Base1, Base2, PROTO, S_DEMAND>::__Kobject_typeid::_b[] =
{
  &Base1::__Kobject_typeid::_m,
  &Base2::__Kobject_typeid::_m
};
 
template< typename Derived, typename Base1, typename Base2,
          long PROTO, typename S_DEMAND >
L4____GEN_TI(Kobject_2t<Derived, Base1, Base2, PROTO, S_DEMAND>);
 
 
 
template<
  typename Derived,
  typename Base1,
  typename Base2,
  typename Base3,
  long PROTO = PROTO_ANY,
  typename S_DEMAND = Type_info::Demand_t<>
>
struct Kobject_3t : Base1, Base2, Base3
{
protected:
  typedef Derived Class;
  typedef Typeid::Iface<PROTO, Derived> __Iface;
  typedef Typeid::Merge_list<
    Typeid::Iface_list<__Iface>,
    Typeid::Merge_list<
      typename Base1::__Iface_list,
      Typeid::Merge_list<
        typename Base2::__Iface_list,
        typename Base3::__Iface_list
      >
    >
  > __Iface_list;
 
  static void __check_protocols__() noexcept
  {
    typedef typename Base1::__Iface_list Base1_proto_list;
    typedef typename Base2::__Iface_list Base2_proto_list;
    typedef typename Base3::__Iface_list Base3_proto_list;
 
    typedef Typeid::Iface_conflict<__Iface, Base1_proto_list> Base1_conflict;
    typedef Typeid::Iface_conflict<__Iface, Base2_proto_list> Base2_conflict;
    typedef Typeid::Iface_conflict<__Iface, Base3_proto_list> Base3_conflict;
 
    static_assert(!Base1_conflict::value, "ambiguous protocol ID, also in Base1");
    static_assert(!Base2_conflict::value, "ambiguous protocol ID, also in Base2");
    static_assert(!Base3_conflict::value, "ambiguous protocol ID, also in Base3");
 
    typedef Typeid::Conflict<Base1_proto_list, Base2_proto_list> Conflict_bases12;
    typedef Typeid::Conflict<Base1_proto_list, Base3_proto_list> Conflict_bases13;
    typedef Typeid::Conflict<Base2_proto_list, Base3_proto_list> Conflict_bases23;
 
    static_assert(!Conflict_bases12::value, "ambiguous protocol IDs in base classes: Base1 and Base2");
    static_assert(!Conflict_bases13::value, "ambiguous protocol IDs in base classes: Base1 and Base3");
    static_assert(!Conflict_bases23::value, "ambiguous protocol IDs in base classes: Base2 and Base3");
  }
 
  // disambiguate cap()
  l4_cap_idx_t cap() const noexcept
  { return Base1::cap(); }
 
  L4::Cap<Class> c() const noexcept { return L4::Cap<Class>(this->cap()); }
 
  L4____GEN_TI_MEMBERS(Type_info::Demand_union_t<Type_info::Demand_union_t<
    typename Base1::__Kobject_typeid::Demand,
    typename Base2::__Kobject_typeid::Demand>,
    typename Base3::__Kobject_typeid::Demand>
  )
 
public:
  // Provide non-ambiguous conversion to Kobject
  operator Kobject const & () const noexcept
  { return *static_cast<Base1 const *>(this); }
 
  // Provide non-ambiguous access of dec_refcnt()
  l4_msgtag_t dec_refcnt(l4_mword_t diff, l4_utcb_t *utcb = l4_utcb())
    noexcept(noexcept(((Base1*)0)->dec_refcnt(diff, utcb)))
  { return Base1::dec_refcnt(diff, utcb); }
};
 
 
template< typename Derived, typename Base1, typename Base2, typename Base3,
          long PROTO, typename S_DEMAND >
Type_info const *const
Kobject_3t<Derived, Base1, Base2, Base3, PROTO, S_DEMAND>::__Kobject_typeid::_b[] =
{
  &Base1::__Kobject_typeid::_m,
  &Base2::__Kobject_typeid::_m,
  &Base3::__Kobject_typeid::_m
};
 
template< typename Derived, typename Base1, typename Base2, typename Base3,
          long PROTO, typename S_DEMAND >
L4____GEN_TI(Kobject_3t<Derived, Base1, Base2, Base3, PROTO, S_DEMAND>);
 
}
 
#if __cplusplus >= 201103L
 
namespace L4 {
 
template< typename ...T >
struct Kobject_demand;
 
template<>
struct Kobject_demand<> : Type_info::Demand_t<> {};
 
template<typename T>
struct Kobject_demand<T> : Kobject_typeid<T>::Demand {};
 
template<typename T1, typename ...T2>
struct Kobject_demand<T1, T2...> :
  Type_info::Demand_union_t<typename Kobject_typeid<T1>::Demand,
                            Kobject_demand<T2...> >
{};
 
namespace Typeid_xx {
 
  template<typename ...LISTS>
  struct Merge_list;
 
  template<typename L>
  struct Merge_list<L> : L {};
 
  template<typename L1, typename L2>
  struct Merge_list<L1, L2> : Typeid::Merge_list<L1, L2> {};
 
  template<typename L1, typename L2, typename ...LISTS>
  struct Merge_list<L1, L2, LISTS...> :
    Merge_list<typename Typeid::Merge_list<L1, L2>::type, LISTS...> {};
 
  template< typename I, typename ...LIST >
  struct Iface_conflict;
 
  template< typename I >
  struct Iface_conflict<I> : Typeid::False {};
 
  template< typename I, typename L, typename ...LIST >
  struct Iface_conflict<I, L, LIST...> :
    Typeid::Bool<Typeid::Iface_conflict<typename I::type, typename L::type>::value
                 || Iface_conflict<I, LIST...>::value>
  {};
 
  template< typename ...LIST >
  struct Conflict;
 
  template< typename L >
  struct Conflict<L> : Typeid::False {};
 
  template< typename L1, typename L2, typename ...LIST >
  struct Conflict<L1, L2, LIST...> :
    Typeid::Bool<Typeid::Conflict<typename L1::type, typename L2::type>::value
                 || Conflict<L1, LIST...>::value
                 || Conflict<L2, LIST...>::value>
  {};
 
  template< typename T >
  struct Is_demand
  {
    static long test(Type_info::Demand const *);
    static char test(...);
    enum { value = sizeof(test((T*)0)) == sizeof(long) };
  };
 
  template< typename T, typename ... >
  struct First : T { typedef T type; };
} // Typeid
 
template< typename Derived, long PROTO, typename S_DEMAND, typename ...BASES>
struct __Kobject_base : BASES...
{
protected:
  typedef Derived Class;
  typedef Typeid::Iface<PROTO, Derived> __Iface;
  typedef Typeid_xx::Merge_list<
    Typeid::Iface_list<__Iface>,
    typename BASES::__Iface_list...
  > __Iface_list;
 
  static void __check_protocols__() noexcept
  {
    typedef Typeid_xx::Iface_conflict<__Iface, typename BASES::__Iface_list...> Conflict;
    static_assert(!Conflict::value, "ambiguous protocol ID, protocol also used in base class");
 
    typedef Typeid_xx::Conflict<typename BASES::__Iface_list...> Base_conflict;
    static_assert(!Base_conflict::value, "ambiguous protocol IDs in base classes");
  }
 
  // disambiguate cap()
  l4_cap_idx_t cap() const noexcept
  { return Typeid_xx::First<BASES...>::type::cap(); }
 
  L4::Cap<Class> c() const noexcept { return L4::Cap<Class>(this->cap()); }
 
  L4____GEN_TI_MEMBERS(Kobject_demand<BASES...>)
 
private:
  // This function returns the first base class (used below)
  template<typename B1, typename ...> struct Base1 { typedef B1 type; };
 
public:
  // Provide non-ambiguous conversion to Kobject
  operator Kobject const & () const noexcept
  { return *static_cast<typename Base1<BASES...>::type const *>(this); }
 
  // Provide non-ambiguous access of dec_refcnt()
  l4_msgtag_t dec_refcnt(l4_mword_t diff, l4_utcb_t *utcb = l4_utcb())
    noexcept(noexcept(((typename Base1<BASES...>::type *)0)->dec_refcnt(diff, utcb)))
  { return Base1<BASES...>::type::dec_refcnt(diff, utcb); }
};
 
template< typename Derived, long PROTO, typename S_DEMAND, typename ...BASES>
Type_info const *const
__Kobject_base<Derived, PROTO, S_DEMAND, BASES...>::__Kobject_typeid::_b[] =
{
  (&BASES::__Kobject_typeid::_m)...
};
 
template< typename Derived, long PROTO, typename S_DEMAND, typename ...BASES>
L4____GEN_TI(__Kobject_base<Derived, PROTO, S_DEMAND, BASES...>);
 
 
// Test if the there is a Demand argument to Kobject_x
template< typename Derived, long PROTO, bool HAS_DEMAND, typename DEMAND, typename ...ARGS >
struct __Kobject_x_proto;
 
// YES: pass it to __Kobject_base
template< typename Derived, long PROTO, typename DEMAND, typename ...BASES>
struct __Kobject_x_proto<Derived, PROTO, true, DEMAND, BASES...> :
  __Kobject_base<Derived, PROTO, DEMAND, BASES...> {};
 
// NO: pass it empty Type_info::Demand_t
template< typename Derived, long PROTO, typename B1, typename ...BASES>
struct __Kobject_x_proto<Derived, PROTO, false, B1, BASES...> :
  __Kobject_base<Derived, PROTO, Type_info::Demand_t<>, B1, BASES...> {};
 
template< long P = PROTO_EMPTY >
struct Proto_t {};
 
template< typename Derived, typename ...ARGS >
struct Kobject_x;
 
template< typename Derived, typename A, typename ...ARGS >
struct Kobject_x<Derived, A, ARGS...> :
  __Kobject_x_proto<Derived, PROTO_ANY, Typeid_xx::Is_demand<A>::value, A, ARGS...>
{};
 
template< typename Derived, long PROTO, typename A, typename ...ARGS >
struct Kobject_x<Derived, Proto_t<PROTO>, A, ARGS...> :
  __Kobject_x_proto<Derived, PROTO, Typeid_xx::Is_demand<A>::value, A, ARGS...>
{};
 
}
#endif
 
#undef L4____GEN_TI
#undef L4____GEN_TI_MEMBERS